    {"id":4002,"date":"2024-08-23T14:33:31","date_gmt":"2024-08-23T06:33:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/?p=4002"},"modified":"2025-01-06T14:25:37","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T06:25:37","slug":"3-kinds-of-heating-system-for-plastic-extruder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/3-kinds-of-heating-system-for-plastic-extruder\/","title":{"rendered":"Comparaison des 3 types de syst\u00e8me de chauffage pour l'extrudeuse de plastique"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">quel est le syst\u00e8me de chauffage dans une extrudeuse de plastique ?<\/h2>    <p>Au cours du processus de granulation du plastique, les plastiques lav\u00e9s subissent une s\u00e9rie d'\u00e9tapes comprenant la fusion, l'extrusion, le refroidissement et la d\u00e9coupe pour les transformer en granul\u00e9s uniformes selon les tailles requises.<\/p>    <p>Par cons\u00e9quent, le syst\u00e8me de chauffage joue un r\u00f4le central en facilitant la granulation du plastique en faisant fondre efficacement le plastique jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat fondu. Il existe 3 types de syst\u00e8mes de chauffage \u00e9quip\u00e9s d'extrudeuses plastique Shuliy.<\/p>    <ul class=\"wp-block-list\"> <li>Lire: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/pp-pe-plastic-pelletizing-machine-for-films\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/pp-pe-plastic-pelletizing-machine-for-films\/\">Machine de pelletisation en plastique PP PE pour le recyclage des films<\/a><\/em><\/li> <\/ul>    <figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"> <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" data-id=\"4013\" src=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/large-plastic-extruder-with-packaging.webp\" alt=\"grande extrudeuse de plastique avec emballage\" class=\"wp-image-4013\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/large-plastic-extruder-with-packaging.webp 720w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/large-plastic-extruder-with-packaging-480x360.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/large-plastic-extruder-with-packaging-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/large-plastic-extruder-with-packaging-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">grande extrudeuse de plastique avec emballage<\/figcaption><\/figure>    <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" data-id=\"4012\" src=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder.webp\" alt=\"petite extrudeuse de plastique\" class=\"wp-image-4012\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder.webp 720w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder-480x360.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">petite extrudeuse de plastique<\/figcaption><\/figure> <\/figure>    <h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">application du syst\u00e8me de chauffage \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique<\/h2>    <p>Le chauffage \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique g\u00e9n\u00e8re de la chaleur dans le corps m\u00e9tallique du granulateur gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une r\u00e9action \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique, provoquant une augmentation rapide de la temp\u00e9rature et la fonte du plastique.<\/p>    <h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Avantage: <\/h3>    <ul class=\"wp-block-list\"> <li>Il peut chauffer les plastiques rapidement, <strong>r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques<\/strong>. Compar\u00e9 \u00e0 d'autres m\u00e9thodes de chauffage, le syst\u00e8me de chauffage \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique peut r\u00e9duire la consommation d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 jusqu'\u00e0 30-70%. <\/li>    <li>C'est simple pour le personnel de <strong>contr\u00f4ler pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la temp\u00e9rature<\/strong> par panneau de commande.<\/li> <\/ul>    <h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Application:<\/h3>    <ul class=\"wp-block-list\"> <li>Il convient aux sc\u00e9narios de granulation \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle o\u00f9 une efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e et un contr\u00f4le pr\u00e9cis de la temp\u00e9rature sont requis.<\/li>    <li>Faites attention au bon fonctionnement de la bobine \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique et \u00e9vitez toute impuret\u00e9 telle que la poussi\u00e8re qui pourrait affecter les performances de la machine.<\/li> <\/ul>    <figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"> <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" data-id=\"4009\" src=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heater-machine.webp\" alt=\"machine de chauffage \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique\" class=\"wp-image-4009\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heater-machine.webp 720w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heater-machine-480x360.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heater-machine-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heater-machine-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">machine de chauffage \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique<\/figcaption><\/figure>    <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" data-id=\"4010\" src=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heating-system.webp\" alt=\"syst\u00e8me de chauffage \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique\" class=\"wp-image-4010\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heating-system.webp 720w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heating-system-480x360.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heating-system-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/electromagnetic-heating-system-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">syst\u00e8me de chauffage \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique<\/figcaption><\/figure> <\/figure>    <h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00e0 quoi sert un radiateur c\u00e9ramique ?<\/h2>    <p>Les radiateurs en c\u00e9ramique g\u00e9n\u00e8rent de la chaleur gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la r\u00e9sistance et distribuent uniform\u00e9ment la chaleur aux plastiques du canon pour les faire fondre. <\/p>    <h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Avantage: <\/h3>    <ul class=\"wp-block-list\"> <li>Avec moins de consommation d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, les co\u00fbts \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques d\u2019un radiateur en c\u00e9ramique peuvent \u00eatre r\u00e9duits.<\/li>    <li>Fournit une r\u00e9partition uniforme de la chaleur avec une bonne stabilit\u00e9.<\/li> <\/ul>    <h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Usage: <\/h3>    <ul class=\"wp-block-list\"> <li>Le chauffage c\u00e9ramique convient aux op\u00e9rations de production de taille moyenne qui n\u00e9cessitent un contr\u00f4le uniforme de la temp\u00e9rature.<\/li>    <li>Un nettoyage r\u00e9gulier de la surface de la c\u00e9ramique est n\u00e9cessaire pour assurer des performances de chauffe optimales tout en prenant soin de ne pas endommager la c\u00e9ramique.<\/li> <\/ul>    <figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"> <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" data-id=\"4015\" src=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heating-system.webp\" alt=\"syst\u00e8me de chauffage en c\u00e9ramique\" class=\"wp-image-4015\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heating-system.webp 720w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heating-system-480x360.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heating-system-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heating-system-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">syst\u00e8me de chauffage en c\u00e9ramique<\/figcaption><\/figure>    <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" data-id=\"4014\" src=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heater.webp\" alt=\"radiateur en c\u00e9ramique\" class=\"wp-image-4014\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heater.webp 720w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heater-480x360.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heater-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ceramic-heater-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">radiateur en c\u00e9ramique<\/figcaption><\/figure> <\/figure>    <h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">syst\u00e8me de chauffage en fer pour la granulation du plastique<\/h2>    <p>Le syst\u00e8me de chauffage du fer utilise du fer ou du fil de fer qui transf\u00e8re la chaleur aux plastiques dans le corps de la machine \u00e0 granuler le plastique.<\/p>    <h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Avantage: <\/h3>    <ul class=\"wp-block-list\"> <li>Le chauffage par plaques de fer est la m\u00e9thode de chauffage la plus traditionnelle, avec un faible co\u00fbt initial.<\/li>    <li>Le syst\u00e8me est simple et facile \u00e0 entretenir.<\/li> <\/ul>    <h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">application:<\/h3>    <ul class=\"wp-block-list\"> <li>Il convient aux op\u00e9rations de granulation \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle avec un faible budget et de faibles exigences de production.<\/li>    <li>V\u00e9rifiez r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement la plaque de fer pour voir si elle est us\u00e9e afin d'\u00e9viter une perte d'\u00e9nergie excessive.<\/li> <\/ul>   <div class=\"wp-block-image\"> <figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder-without-a-casing.webp\" alt=\"petite extrudeuse de plastique sans bo\u00eetier\" class=\"wp-image-4016\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder-without-a-casing.webp 720w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder-without-a-casing-480x360.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder-without-a-casing-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/small-plastic-extruder-without-a-casing-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">petite extrudeuse de plastique sans bo\u00eetier<\/figcaption><\/figure> <\/div>   <h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>    <p>Chaque m\u00e9thode de chauffage pr\u00e9sente ses avantages et ses inconv\u00e9nients. Le choix sp\u00e9cifique d\u00e9pend des besoins de production. Le chauffage en fer pr\u00e9sente un faible co\u00fbt initial, le syst\u00e8me de chauffage en c\u00e9ramique peut assurer une r\u00e9partition uniforme de la chaleur et le syst\u00e8me de chauffage \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique a la caract\u00e9ristique de contr\u00f4ler avec pr\u00e9cision la temp\u00e9rature.<\/p>    <p>Si vous avez des questions, vous pouvez contacter le personnel pour consultation. En tant que fournisseur professionnel de machines de recyclage du plastique, Shuliy propose des lignes compl\u00e8tes de recyclage du plastique. J'attends avec impatience de vos nouvelles !<\/p>   <div class=\"wp-block-image\"> <figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/plastic-pelletizing-line.webp\" alt=\"ligne de granulation du plastique\" class=\"wp-image-3978\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/plastic-pelletizing-line.webp 720w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/plastic-pelletizing-line-480x360.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/plastic-pelletizing-line-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/plastic-pelletizing-line-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">ligne de granulation du plastique<\/figcaption><\/figure> <\/div>  <div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-right kksr-valign-bottom\"     data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;4002&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;17&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.8&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Rate this post&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.8\\\/5 - (17 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Comparing the 3 Kinds of Heating system for the plastic extruder&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;136.7&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>              <div class=\"kksr-stars\">      <div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">             <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>             <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>             <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>             <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>             <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>     <\/div>      <div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 136.7px;\">             <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>             <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>             <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>             <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>             <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">               <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>         <\/div>     <\/div> <\/div>                   <div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">             4,8\/5 - (17 voix)    <\/div>     <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shuliy propose trois types de syst\u00e8mes de chauffage professionnels con\u00e7us pour les extrudeuses de plastique, qui facilitent la fusion efficace des plastiques pour la granulation.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4011,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,11],"tags":[37],"class_list":["post-4002","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-news","tag-machine"],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"Blog"},{"value":11,"label":"News"}],"post_tag":[{"value":37,"label":"machine"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/large-plastic-extruder-with-forced-feeder.webp",720,540,false],"author_info":{"display_name":"Angel","author_link":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/author\/adminangel\/"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"Blog","slug":"blog","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":68,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":68,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Blog","category_nicename":"blog","category_parent":0},{"term_id":11,"name":"News","slug":"news","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":11,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":43,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":11,"category_count":43,"category_description":"","cat_name":"News","category_nicename":"news","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":37,"name":"machine","slug":"machine","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":37,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":5,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4002","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4002"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4002\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4011"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shuliyrecycle.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}